What is the best routine for hyperpigmentation?

To target hyperpigmentation, combine daily broad-spectrum SPF (essential — UV exposure darkens existing spots), a vitamin C serum in the morning, and at night a retinol plus an AHA like glycolic acid on alternating nights. Azelaic acid is another excellent option for fading dark spots with less irritation. Niacinamide at 5% is a supportive daily ingredient that helps inhibit melanin transfer. Consistency over six to twelve weeks is needed to see results.